Descriptive Statistics and Basic Probability

Definition :
Statistics may be defined as the science of collection, presentation analysis and interpretation of the data. It may also be defined as the aggregate of facts affected to the market extent by multiplication of cause numerically expressed enumerated or estimated according to reasonable standard of accuracy.
Importance of statistics :
-Statistics can play a vital tool to check the ability and performance of any system .
-It helps in design and build of a structure or product.
-It aid in quality control and describe on improvement.
-It work out the time a job will take and how many people are needed.
-It helps in determining the exact measurements needed for structure.

Function of statistics :
Following are the function of statistic:
(1)Statistics simplified complexity.
(2)It enlarge individual experience.
(3)Statistics help classification of data.
(4)Statistics test the law of other science.
(5)Statistics helps in predicting future trend.
(6)It helps in formulating and testing the hypothesis.

Limitations of statistic :
(1)Statistic doesn't study quality phenomenon.
(2)Statistical laws aren't exact.
(3)It doesn't Deal with individuals.
(4)t is liable to misused.
(4)It is liable to be misused.

Positional average median :It is defined as the value which divides the distribution in to two equal halves I.e the number of observation in the first part is equal to the number of observation in the second part.
Merits of Positional Average Median:
The merits of positional average median areas follows:
(1)It is clearly defined.
(2)It is easy to understand and simple to calculate.
(3)It can be calculated for distribution with end class.
(4)
Demerits of positional average median :
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Box Plot:Boxplots are a standardized way of displaying the distribution of data based on a five number summary (“minimum”, first quartile (Q1), median, third quartile (Q3), and “maximum”).
Box plot is a graph of a data set that consists of a line extending from the minimum value to the maximum value and a box with lines drawn at the first quartile, Q1;the median; and the third quartile, Q3.
It is a type of graph that help visually organize data. For box plot, the value of minimum, maximum, median, first quartile, third quartile is calculated. 
It shows the data distribution pattern. 

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